Glycosyltransferase

spinqualitylabelsall models Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase complex with substrate maltoheptaose, maltose and Ca+2 ions, 1cxh Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function Glycosyltransferase (GT) are enzymes which catalyze the transfer of monosaccharide to alcohol, carbohydrate, protein or inorganic phosphate. Galactosyltransferase (AGT) is a GT which catalyzes the transfer of galactose during the synthesis of polysaccharides. Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (BGT) is the catalytic subunit of lactose synthase of which Alpha-lactalbumin is the regulatory subunit. Lactose synthase synthesises lactose from UDP-galactose and glucose. See Human Lactose synthase(Hebrew). Fucosylglycoprotein 3-AGT (GTB) or histo-blood group ABO system transferase is the basis of the blood ABO system. It involves 3 carbohydrate antigens: A, B and H. Flavonoid GT glycosylates flavonoids (plant metabolites with two phenyl rings and one heterocyclic ring). For details on flavonoid GT see Vitis vinifera Flavonoid 3-O-Glucosyltransferase (Vv3GT). Cyclodextrin GT produces cyclodextrin from starch. UDP GT has a role in xenobiotics metabolism and metabolic waste. C-GT catalyzes the formation of C-glycosidic bonds. peptidoglycan GT synthesises the glycol strands of the bacterial walls' peptidoglycans . Pseudo-GT VldE catalyzes the condensation of 2 pseudo sugars to a product with an alpha, alpha-N-glycosidic bond. Relevance Individuals with blood type A, B and AB has glycosyltransferase activitiy which converts antigen H to A or B. Individuals with blood type O lack this activity. For details see Human ABO(H) Blood Group Glycosyltransferases. Disease Mutations in mannose GT can cause muscular dystrophy and neuronal migration disorder. Structural highlights The active site of cyclodextrin GT contains three catalytic residues. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. 3D structures of glycosyltransferase Glycosyltransferase 3D structures

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