1ah1
From Proteopedia
CTLA-4, NMR, 20 STRUCTURES
Structural highlights
DiseaseCTLA4_HUMAN Genetic variation in CTLA4 influences susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [MIM:152700. SLE is a chronic, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue. It affects principally the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. SLE is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system.[1] Note=Genetic variations in CTLA4 may influence susceptibility to Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder associated with overactivity of the thyroid gland and hyperthyroidism.[2] Genetic variation in CTLA4 is the cause of susceptibility to diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent type 12 (IDDM12) [MIM:601388. A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical fetaures are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.[3] [4] Genetic variation in CTLA4 is the cause of susceptibility to celiac disease type 3 (CELIAC3) [MIM:609755. It is a multifactorial disorder of the small intestine that is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. It is characterized by malabsorption resulting from inflammatory injury to the mucosa of the small intestine after the ingestion of wheat gluten or related rye and barley proteins. In its classic form, celiac disease is characterized in children by malabsorption and failure to thrive. FunctionCTLA4_HUMAN Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.[5] [6] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe structure of human CTLA-4 reveals that residues Met 99, Tyr 100 and Tyr 104 of the M99YPPPY104 motif are adjacent to a patch of charged surface residues on the A'GFCC' face of the protein. Mutation of these residues, which are conserved in the CTLA-4/CD28 family, significantly reduces binding to CD80 and/or CD86, implicating this patch as a ligand binding site. Solution structure of human CTLA-4 and delineation of a CD80/CD86 binding site conserved in CD28.,Metzler WJ, Bajorath J, Fenderson W, Shaw SY, Constantine KL, Naemura J, Leytze G, Peach RJ, Lavoie TB, Mueller L, Linsley PS Nat Struct Biol. 1997 Jul;4(7):527-31. PMID:9228944[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Homo sapiens | Large Structures | Bajorath J | Constantine KL | Fenderson W | Lavoie TB | Leytze G | Linsley PS | Metzler WJ | Mueller L | Naemura J | Peach R | Shaw S-Y
