2xna

From Proteopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Crystal structure of the complex between human T cell receptor and staphylococcal enterotoxin

Structural highlights

2xna is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens and Staphylococcus aureus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.1Å
Ligands:GOL, NA
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

TRAC_HUMAN TCR-alpha-beta-positive T-cell deficiency. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Function

TRAC_HUMAN Constant region of T cell receptor (TR) alpha chain (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn, ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585).[1] [2] [3] [4]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Superantigens (SAgs) are bacterial toxins that interact with immunoreceptors, T cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, conventionally through the variable beta-domain of TCR (TCRVbeta). They induce a massive release of cytokines, which can lead to diseases such as food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. In this study, we report the X-ray structure of the ternary complex between staphylococcal enterotoxin H (SEH) and its human receptors, MHC class II and TCR. The structure demonstrates that SEH predominantly interacts with the variable alpha-domain of TCR (TCRValpha), which is supported by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Furthermore, there is no contact between MHC and TCR upon complex formation. Structural analyses suggest that the major contact points to TCRValpha are conserved among other bacterial SAgs. Consequently, a new dimension of SAg biology emerges, suggesting that in addition to the conventional interactions with the TCRVbeta domain, SAgs can also activate T cells through the TCRValpha domain.

The structure of superantigen complexed with TCR and MHC reveals novel insights into superantigenic T cell activation.,Saline M, Rodstrom KE, Fischer G, Orekhov VY, Karlsson BG, Lindkvist-Petersson K Nat Commun. 2010 Nov 16;1:119. PMID:21081917[5]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Loading citation details..
Citations
13 reviews cite this structure
Basis of Virulence in Enterotoxin-Mediated Staphylococcal Food Poisoning.
Fisher et al. (2018)
12 more
25 other articles
No citations found

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Nikolich-Zugich J, Slifka MK, Messaoudi I. The many important facets of T-cell repertoire diversity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004 Feb;4(2):123-32. doi: 10.1038/nri1292. PMID:15040585 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri1292
  2. ↑ Brownlie RJ, Zamoyska R. T cell receptor signalling networks: branched, diversified and bounded. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Apr;13(4):257-69. doi: 10.1038/nri3403. PMID:23524462 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri3403
  3. ↑ Lefranc MP. Immunoglobulin and T Cell Receptor Genes: IMGT((R)) and the Birth and Rise of Immunoinformatics. Front Immunol. 2014 Feb 5;5:22. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00022. eCollection 2014. PMID:24600447 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00022
  4. ↑ Rossjohn J, Gras S, Miles JJ, Turner SJ, Godfrey DI, McCluskey J. T cell antigen receptor recognition of antigen-presenting molecules. Annu Rev Immunol. 2015;33:169-200. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032414-112334., Epub 2014 Dec 10. PMID:25493333 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-032414-112334
  5. ↑ Saline M, Rodstrom KE, Fischer G, Orekhov VY, Karlsson BG, Lindkvist-Petersson K. The structure of superantigen complexed with TCR and MHC reveals novel insights into superantigenic T cell activation. Nat Commun. 2010 Nov 16;1:119. PMID:21081917 doi:10.1038/ncomms1117

Contents


PDB ID 2xna

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2xna"
Personal tools