6n8c
From Proteopedia
Structure of the Huntingtin tetramer/dimer mixture determined by paramagnetic NMR
Structural highlights
Disease[HD_HUMAN] Juvenile Huntington disease;Huntington disease. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Function[HD_HUMAN] May play a role in microtubule-mediated transport or vesicle function. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe N-terminal region of the huntingtin protein, encoded by exon-1, comprises an amphiphilic domain (htt(NT)), a polyglutamine (Q n ) tract, and a proline-rich sequence. Polyglutamine expansion results in an aggregation-prone protein responsible for Huntington's disease. Here, we study the earliest events involved in oligomerization of a minimalistic construct, htt(NT)Q7, which remains largely monomeric over a sufficiently long period of time to permit detailed quantitative NMR analysis of the kinetics and structure of sparsely populated [Formula: see text] oligomeric states, yet still eventually forms fibrils. Global fitting of concentration-dependent relaxation dispersion, transverse relaxation in the rotating frame, and exchange-induced chemical shift data reveals a bifurcated assembly mechanism in which the NMR observable monomeric species either self-associates to form a productive dimer (tauex approximately 30 mus, K diss approximately 0.1 M) that goes on to form a tetramer ([Formula: see text] mus; K diss approximately 22 muM), or exchanges with a "nonproductive" dimer that does not oligomerize further (tauex approximately 400 mus; K diss approximately 0.3 M). The excited state backbone chemical shifts are indicative of a contiguous helix (residues 3-17) in the productive dimer/tetramer, with only partial helical character in the nonproductive dimer. A structural model of the productive dimer/tetramer was obtained by simulated annealing driven by intermolecular paramagnetic relaxation enhancement data. The tetramer comprises a D 2 symmetric dimer of dimers with largely hydrophobic packing between the helical subunits. The structural model, validated by EPR distance measurements, illuminates the role of the htt(NT) domain in the earliest stages of prenucleation and oligomerization, before fibril formation. Probing initial transient oligomerization events facilitating Huntingtin fibril nucleation at atomic resolution by relaxation-based NMR.,Kotler SA, Tugarinov V, Schmidt T, Ceccon A, Libich DS, Ghirlando R, Schwieters CD, Clore GM Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Feb 26;116(9):3562-3571. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1821216116. Epub 2019 Feb 11. PMID:30808748[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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