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Structural highlights

Function

VL1_HPV16 Forms an icosahedral capsid with a T=7 symmetry and a 50 nm diameter. The capsid is composed of 72 pentamers linked to each other by disulfide bonds and associated with L2 proteins. Binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans on cell surface of basal layer keratinocytes to provide initial virion attachment. This binding mediates a conformational change in the virus capsid that facilitates efficient infection. The virion enters the host cell via endocytosis. During virus trafficking, L1 protein dissociates from the viral DNA and the genomic DNA is released to the host nucleus. The virion assembly takes place within the cell nucleus. Encapsulates the genomic DNA together with protein L2.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04002]^{[1] [2] [3]}

References

1. ↑ Bousarghin L, Touze A, Sizaret PY, Coursaget P. Human papillomavirus types 16, 31, and 58 use different endocytosis pathways to enter cells. J Virol. 2003 Mar;77(6):3846-50. PMID:12610160
2. ↑ Surviladze Z, Sterkand RT, Ozbun MA. Interaction of human papillomavirus type 16 particles with heparan sulfate and syndecan-1 molecules in the keratinocyte extracellular matrix plays an active role in infection. J Gen Virol. 2015 Aug;96(8):2232-41. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.000147. PMID:26289843 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.000147
3. ↑ Heino P, Dillner J, Schwartz S. Human papillomavirus type 16 capsid proteins produced from recombinant Semliki Forest virus assemble into virus-like particles. Virology. 1995 Dec 20;214(2):349-59. PMID:8553535 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1995.0044