| Structural highlights
Function
CHIL3_MOUSE Lectin that binds saccharides with a free amino group, such as glucosamine or galactosamine. Binding to oligomeric saccharides is much stronger than binding to mono- or disaccharides. Also binds chitin and heparin. Has weak hexosaminidase activity but no chitinase activity. Has chemotactic activity for T-lymphocytes, bone marrow cells and eosinophils. May play a role in inflammation and allergy.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Spontaneous protein crystallization is a rare event, yet protein crystals are frequently found in eosinophil-rich inflammation. In humans, Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs) are made from galectin-10 (Gal10) protein, an abundant protein in eosinophils. Although mice do not encode Gal10 in their genome, they do form pseudo-CLCs, made from the chitinase-like proteins Ym1 and/or Ym2, encoded by Chil3 and Chil4 and made by myeloid and epithelial cells respectively. Here, we investigated the biological effects of pseudo-CLCs since their function is currently unknown. We produced recombinant Ym1 crystals which were shown to have identical crystal packing and structure by X-ray crystallography as in vivo native crystals derived from murine lung. When administered to the airways of mice, crystalline but not soluble Ym1 stimulated innate and adaptive immunity and acted as a type 2 immune adjuvant for eosinophilic inflammation via triggering of dendritic cells (DCs). Murine Ym1 protein crystals found at sites of eosinophilic inflammation reinforce type 2 immunity and could serve as a surrogate model for studying the biology of human CLCs.
Ym1 protein crystals promote type 2 immunity.,Heyndrickx I, Deswarte K, Verstraete K, Verschueren KHG, Smole U, Aegerter H, Dansercoer A, Hammad H, Savvides SN, Lambrecht BN Elife. 2024 Jan 9;12:RP90676. doi: 10.7554/eLife.90676. PMID:38194250[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Owhashi M, Arita H, Hayai N. Identification of a novel eosinophil chemotactic cytokine (ECF-L) as a chitinase family protein. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 14;275(2):1279-86. PMID:10625674
- ↑ Chang NC, Hung SI, Hwa KY, Kato I, Chen JE, Liu CH, Chang AC. A macrophage protein, Ym1, transiently expressed during inflammation is a novel mammalian lectin. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17497-506. Epub 2001 Jan 31. PMID:11297523 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M010417200
- ↑ Harbord M, Novelli M, Canas B, Power D, Davis C, Godovac-Zimmermann J, Roes J, Segal AW. Ym1 is a neutrophil granule protein that crystallizes in p47phox-deficient mice. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 15;277(7):5468-75. Epub 2001 Dec 3. PMID:11733538 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110635200
- ↑ Heyndrickx I, Deswarte K, Verstraete K, Verschueren KHG, Smole U, Aegerter H, Dansercoer A, Hammad H, Savvides SN, Lambrecht BN. Ym1 protein crystals promote type 2 immunity. Elife. 2024 Jan 9;12:RP90676. PMID:38194250 doi:10.7554/eLife.90676
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