GABAA receptors, which are considered ligand-gated ion channels as the binding of GABA results in the opening of ion channels leading to the inhibition of a neuronal signal. Excitatory neurosteroids have excitatory effects on neurotransmission. They act as potent negative allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor. Major examples include the pregnanes pregnenolone sulfate (PS), epipregnanolone, and isopregnanolone (sepranolone).
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