Metabotropic glutamate receptor

Function

Metabotropic glutamate receptors are glutamate receptors that activate ion channels indirectly through a signaling cascade involving G proteins^[1]. They are members of the large class of seven-transmembrane domain receptors, the G protein-coupled receptors. Glutamate receptors are classified into 3 groups based on their homology, mechanism and pharmacological properties. See also Ligand Binding N-Terminal of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.

• Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 belong to group I and activate phospholipase C. For details see Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5.
  
• Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 belong to group II and inhibit the cyclic AMP cascade.
  
• Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 belong to group III and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.
  

Articles in Proteopedia concerning Toll-like Receptors include:

• Leucine-rich repeat
• Membrane proteins

Relevance

GluR are targets for Parkinson's disease drugs^[2] as well as for Alzheimer's disease, depression, anxiety and schizophrenia^[3].

Structural highlights

Glutamate is bound to GluR1 in the crevice between the N-terminal and C-terminal domains^[4]. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.

3D structures of metabotropic glutamate receptor

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3D structures