Prostaglandin D synthase
From Proteopedia
FunctionProstaglandin D synthase (PGDS) catalyzes the reversible conversion of 9α-11α-epidoxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate to 9α-15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate. Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PGD2S) catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator in smooth muscle contraction. Human PGD2S has two isozymes: hematopoietic PGD2S found in mast cells see Glutathione S-transferase σ which is glutathione-dependent and lipocalin PGD2S found in the central nervous system, genital organs and heart. This enzyme is glutathione-independent and transports small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids. PGDS is a major constituent of cerebrospinal fluid. PGDS binds small lipophilic molecules like retinal and thyroid hormone[1]. RelevancePGDS is believed to be a cause of baldness[2]. PGD2S inhibitors are tested as potential anti-inflammation and anti-allergic drugs. Structural highlights
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3D structures of prostaglandin D synthase
Updated on 13-September-2023
Hematopoietic PGD2S (Glutathione-dependent) or HGTS1 see Glutathione S-transferase σ
References
- ↑ Urade Y, Hayaishi O. Prostaglandin D synthase: structure and function. Vitam Horm. 2000;58:89-120. PMID:10668396
- ↑ Garza LA, Liu Y, Yang Z, Alagesan B, Lawson JA, Norberg SM, Loy DE, Zhao T, Blatt HB, Stanton DC, Carrasco L, Ahluwalia G, Fischer SM, FitzGerald GA, Cotsarelis G. Prostaglandin D2 inhibits hair growth and is elevated in bald scalp of men with androgenetic alopecia. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Mar 21;4(126):126ra34. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003122. PMID:22440736 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3003122