Gramicidin

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Function

Gramicidin (GCDN) is a polypeptide composed of alternating L- and D-amino acids. It is produced by the bacteria Bacillus brevis[1].

  • GCDN S is an antibiotic cyclic polypeptide.
  • GCDN D is a mixture of GCDN A, B, C.

See theoretical model of Gramicidin Channel in Lipid Bilayer and Gramicidin Channel in Lipid Bilayer (Spanish).

Relevance

GCDN has bactericidal activity and is used as a topical antibiotic and as topical contraceptive[2].

Structural highlights: Gramicidin A

Protein:

Chains, chain A in green, chain B in salmon.

Non-standard residues:

Ethanloamine

D-leucine

D-valine

N-formyl-L-valine

Ligands:

Methanol, C atom of methanol in cyan.

Thiocyanate, C atom of thiocyanate in magenta.

K+ ion (in purple).

Gramicidin A complex with thiocyanate and K+ ion (purple) (PDB entry 1gmk)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

3D Structures of Gramicidin

Updated on 16-January-2019

Gramicidin A
Gramicidin D
Gramicidin S

References

  1. ↑ Urry DW, Goodall MC, Glickson JD, Mayers DF. The gramicidin A transmembrane channel: characteristics of head-to-head dimerized (L,D) helices. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Aug;68(8):1907-11. PMID:5288776
  2. ↑ Kondejewski LH, Farmer SW, Wishart DS, Hancock RE, Hodges RS. Gramicidin S is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Int J Pept Protein Res. 1996 Jun;47(6):460-6. PMID:8836773

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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