| Structural highlights
Function
[IL15_HUMAN] Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha. [I15RA_HUMAN] High-affinity receptor for interleukin-15. Can signal both in cis and trans where IL15R from one subset of cells presents IL15 to neighboring IL2RG-expressing cells. Expression of different isoforms may alter or interfere with signal transduction. Isoform 5, isoform 6, isoform 7 and isoform 8 do not bind IL15. Signal transduction involves STAT3, STAT5, STAT6, JAK2 (By similarity) and SYK.[1] [2]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) and IL-2, which promote the survival of memory CD8(+) T cells and regulatory T cells, respectively, bind receptor complexes that share beta- and gamma-signaling subunits. Receptor specificity is provided by unique, nonsignaling alpha-subunits. Whereas IL-2 receptor-alpha (IL-2Ralpha) is expressed together in cis with the beta- and gamma-subunits on T cells and B cells, IL-15Ralpha is expressed in trans on antigen-presenting cells. Here we present a 1.85-A crystal structure of the human IL-15-IL-15Ralpha complex. The structure provides insight into the molecular basis of the specificity of cytokine recognition and emphasizes the importance of water in generating this very high-affinity complex. Despite very low IL-15-IL-2 sequence homology and distinct receptor architecture, the topologies of the IL-15-IL-15Ralpha and IL-2-IL-2Ralpha complexes are very similar. Our data raise the possibility that IL-2, like IL-15, might be capable of being presented in trans in the context of its unique receptor alpha-chain.
Crystal structure of the IL-15-IL-15Ralpha complex, a cytokine-receptor unit presented in trans.,Chirifu M, Hayashi C, Nakamura T, Toma S, Shuto T, Kai H, Yamagata Y, Davis SJ, Ikemizu S Nat Immunol. 2007 Sep;8(9):1001-7. Epub 2007 Jul 22. PMID:17643103[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Anderson DM, Kumaki S, Ahdieh M, Bertles J, Tometsko M, Loomis A, Giri J, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, et al.. Functional characterization of the human interleukin-15 receptor alpha chain and close linkage of IL15RA and IL2RA genes. J Biol Chem. 1995 Dec 15;270(50):29862-9. PMID:8530383
- ↑ Bulanova E, Budagian V, Pohl T, Krause H, Durkop H, Paus R, Bulfone-Paus S. The IL-15R alpha chain signals through association with Syk in human B cells. J Immunol. 2001 Dec 1;167(11):6292-302. PMID:11714793
- ↑ Chirifu M, Hayashi C, Nakamura T, Toma S, Shuto T, Kai H, Yamagata Y, Davis SJ, Ikemizu S. Crystal structure of the IL-15-IL-15Ralpha complex, a cytokine-receptor unit presented in trans. Nat Immunol. 2007 Sep;8(9):1001-7. Epub 2007 Jul 22. PMID:17643103 doi:10.1038/ni1492
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