Structural genomics

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Structural genomics is a large, international project, started around 2001, that aims to determine new protein structures using high throughput techniques, and to develop faster techniques for X-ray crystallography and NMR.

Protein sequences are often selected for structure determination because they represent a sequence-family for which no member's structure is known. These are called target sequences. Determination of the structure of such a sequence enables the structures of other sequence-related proteins to be predicted by homology modeling. Many of the institutions participating in structural genomics report their target sequences, and their progress in determining their structures, in TargetTrack, the Structural Biology Target Registration Database.

Fold Space

Andreeva and Murzin^[1] state:

Initially, it was anticipated that a large number of new folds would be discovered owing to the breath of coverage of fold space targeted by the PSI. Interestingly, this has not turned out to be the case as a substantial portion of the structures coming from SG revealed significant structural similarities to already known folds and in fact represent variations of existing protein architectures and topologies. ^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Andreeva A, Murzin AG. Structural classification of proteins and structural genomics: new insights into protein folding and evolution. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2010 Oct 1;66(Pt 10):1190-7., Epub 2010 Jul 6. PMID:20944210 doi:10.1107/S1744309110007177
↑ Jenney FE Jr, Adams MW. The impact of extremophiles on structural genomics (and vice versa). Extremophiles. 2008 Jan;12(1):39-50. Epub 2007 Jun 13. PMID:17563834 doi:10.1007/s00792-007-0087-9