Flavin reductase

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Function

Flavin reductase (FR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a variety of flavins such as riboflavin, FAD, FMN, biliverdin, methemoglobin and pyrroloquinoline quinone. FR converts reduced riboflavin to riboflavin and bilirubin to biliverdin. FR is involved in heme catabolism[1] .

Relevance

FR catalytic reaction is the basis of the therapeutic use of methylene blue or riboflavin in the treatment of methemoglobinemia. Bacterial FR are used to sensitize tumors to drugs.

Structural insights

The NADP containing active site can accommodate a variety of ligands because the binding is achieved mainly via hydrophobic interactions (Hydrophobic, Polar).[2]

Human flavin reductase complex with biliverdin IX α and NADP (PDB code 1he2)

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3D structures of flavin reductase

Updated on 06-March-2023

NADPH-dependent Flavin reductase or biliverdin IX beta reductase
NADH-dependent Flavin reductase

References

  1. ↑ Yubisui T, Takeshita M, Yoneyama Y. Reduction of methemoglobin through flavin at the physiological concentration by NADPH-flavin reductase of human erythrocytes. J Biochem. 1980 Jun;87(6):1715-20. PMID:7400118
  2. ↑ Pereira PJ, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Parraga A, Perez-Luque R, Cunningham O, Darcy K, Mantle TJ, Coll M. Structure of human biliverdin IXbeta reductase, an early fetal bilirubin IXbeta producing enzyme. Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Mar;8(3):215-20. PMID:11224564 doi:10.1038/84948

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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